... Gateway Protocols (IGP), BGP, and multicast routes, Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), Rapid Ring Protection Protocol (RRPP), ... access users. The MSE mainly provides dynamic user access, user management, and user-based authentication, accounting, and QoS scheduling. ... routing environments●Various IPv4-to-IPv6 transition technologies: manual tunnel, automatic tunnel, 6to4 tunnel, GRE tunnel, ...